OET LISTENING BITS 07
Which of the following statements about insomnia is supported by neurobiological evidence?
A) Psychological factors are the sole contributors to insomnia.
B) The thalamus and hypothalamus are unaffected by sleep disturbances.
C) Dysfunctional neurotransmitter activity can influence sleep difficulties.
D) Circadian rhythm disruptions have no impact on sleep-wake cycles.
Answer
C) Dysfunctional neurotransmitter activity can influence sleep difficulties.
Explanation
The statement “Dysfunctional neurotransmitter activity can influence sleep difficulties” is supported by neurobiological evidence. Insomnia involves a complex interplay of neurobiological factors, and dysregulation of neurotransmitters, such as serotonin and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), plays a pivotal role in the initiation and perpetuation of sleep disturbances. Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers in the brain that play a crucial role in regulating various functions, including sleep-wake cycles. Imbalances in these neurotransmitters can lead to difficulties falling asleep or staying asleep, which are characteristic symptoms of insomnia.
The other statements are not supported by neurobiological evidence:
A) Psychological factors may contribute to insomnia, but they are not the sole contributors. Neurobiological factors, as mentioned above, also play a significant role in insomnia.
B) The thalamus and hypothalamus are indeed affected by sleep disturbances. These brain regions are essential components of the sleep-wake cycle and are involved in regulating various aspects of sleep.
D) Circadian rhythm disruptions do have a considerable impact on sleep-wake cycles. The circadian rhythm is the body’s internal clock, which regulates the sleep-wake cycle and other physiological processes. Disruptions to the circadian rhythm, such as jet lag or shift work, can lead to insomnia and other sleep difficulties.
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