DHA EXAM MOCK TEST FOR NURSES – 1

Question 1:
A 72-year-old female patient is admitted with a urinary tract infection (UTI). She is confused, agitated, and has a history of falls. The physician has ordered an indwelling urinary catheter.
Which of the following nursing interventions is the PRIORITY to prevent complications in this patient?
A) Securing the catheter tubing to the patient’s thigh.
B) Encouraging increased fluid intake.
C) Monitoring urine output every shift.
D) Implementing fall precautions.

Question 2:
A nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving intravenous (IV) fluids via a peripheral IV line. The nurse observes swelling, redness, and warmth at the insertion site.
Which of the following complications is the patient MOST likely experiencing?
A) Thrombophlebitis.
B) Infiltration.
C) Infection.
D) Air embolism.

Question 3:
A mother brings her 3-month-old infant to the clinic for a routine vaccination. The infant is healthy and has no known allergies.
Which of the following is the RECOMMENDED site for an intramuscular (IM) injection in this infant?
A) Dorsogluteal muscle.
B) Ventrogluteal muscle.
C) Deltoid muscle.
D) Vastus lateralis muscle.

Question 4:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a chest tube connected to a closed drainage system. The nurse observes continuous bubbling in the water seal chamber.
Which of the following findings should the nurse suspect?
A) Normal functioning of the system.
B) An air leak in the system.
C) Obstruction in the chest tube.
D) Increased intrathoracic pressure.

Question 5:
A nurse is teaching a patient with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus about self-management.
Which of the following statements by the patient indicates a NEED for further teaching?
A) “I will check my blood glucose before meals and at bedtime.”
B) “I should carry a source of fast-acting sugar with me at all times.”
C) “I can skip my medication if my blood glucose is within the normal range.”
D) “I will inspect my feet daily for any cuts or blisters.”

Question 6:
A nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving mechanical ventilation. The high-pressure alarm on the ventilator is sounding.
Which of the following is the FIRST action the nurse should take?
A) Suction the patient’s airway.
B) Increase the tidal volume.
C) Check for kinks in the ventilator tubing.
D) Administer a bronchodilator medication.

Question 7:
A nurse is assessing a patient who is in labor. The fetal heart rate baseline is 140 beats per minute with accelerations and occasional early decelerations.
Which of the following interpretations of the fetal heart rate pattern is MOST accurate?
A) Fetal distress.
B) Normal findings.
C) Uteroplacental insufficiency.
D) Fetal head compression.

Question 8:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a colostomy. The stoma appears pale and dusky.
Which of the following should the nurse suspect?
A) Normal stoma appearance.
B) Stomal ischemia.
C) Stomal prolapse.
D) Stomal retraction.

Question 9:
A nurse is preparing to administer an enteral feeding to a patient via a nasogastric (NG) tube.
Which of the following actions should the nurse perform FIRST?
A) Elevate the head of the bed to at least 30 degrees.
B) Check for residual volume in the stomach.
C) Flush the NG tube with sterile water.
D) Verify the placement of the NG tube.

Question 10:
A nurse is caring for a patient who has been prescribed warfarin (Coumadin).
Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse monitor to assess the therapeutic effect of this medication?
A) Prothrombin time (PT) and International Normalized Ratio (INR).
B) Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT).
C) Platelet count.
D) Hemoglobin and hematocrit.

Question 11:
A nurse is teaching a patient with hypertension about lifestyle modifications.
Which of the following dietary recommendations is MOST appropriate for this patient?
A) Increase intake of processed foods.
B) Limit sodium intake to less than 2300 mg per day.
C) Consume more red meat.
D) Reduce intake of fruits and vegetables.

Question 12:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of anaphylaxis to peanuts. The patient reports itching and a rash after eating a meal.
Which of the following medications should the nurse prepare to administer FIRST?
A) Diphenhydramine (Benadryl).
B) Albuterol (Ventolin).
C) Epinephrine (Adrenalin).
D) Methylprednisolone1 (Solu-Medrol).

Question 13:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a stage III pressure ulcer on the sacrum.
Which of the following dressing types is MOST appropriate for this wound?
A) Dry gauze dressing.
B) Transparent film dressing.
C) Hydrocolloid dressing.
D) Petroleum gauze dressing.

Question 14:
A nurse is teaching a patient about the proper use of a metered-dose inhaler (MDI).
Which of the following steps should the nurse instruct the patient to perform?
A) Exhale fully, then inhale quickly and deeply while pressing the canister.
B) Inhale slowly and deeply while pressing the canister at the end of inhalation.
C) Exhale fully, then inhale slowly and deeply while pressing the canister at the beginning of inhalation.
D) Inhale quickly and shallowly while pressing the canister throughout the inhalation.

Question 15:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a new diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB).
Which of the following infection control precautions should the nurse implement?
A) Contact precautions.
B) Droplet precautions.
C) Airborne precautions.
D) Standard precautions.

Question 16:
A nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy for obstructive sleep apnea.
Which of the following assessments is MOST important for the nurse to monitor?
A) Blood pressure.
B) Heart rate.
C) Skin breakdown.
D) Oxygen saturation.

Question 17:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of bipolar disorder who is currently in a manic phase.
Which of the following nursing interventions is the PRIORITY?
A) Encourage participation in group therapy sessions.
B) Provide a structured and quiet environment.
C) Offer frequent high-calorie snacks.
D) Promote social interaction with other patients.

Question 18:
A nurse is preparing to administer subcutaneous heparin to a patient.
Which of the following injection sites is CONTRAINDICATED for heparin administration?
A) Abdomen.
B) Anterior thigh.
C) Upper arm.
D) Area within 2 inches of the umbilicus.

Question 19:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a nasogastric (NG) tube connected to intermittent suction. The patient reports nausea and abdominal distension.
Which of the following nursing actions should the nurse perform FIRST?
A) Increase the suction pressure.
B) Irrigate the NG tube.
C) Administer an antiemetic medication.
D) Clamp the NG tube.

Question 20:
A nurse is teaching a patient with heart failure about signs and symptoms to report to the physician.
Which of the following findings should the nurse emphasize as requiring immediate attention?
A) Mild ankle swelling at the end of the day.
B) A weight gain of 3 pounds in one week.
C) Increased shortness of breath at rest.
D) Occasional dry cough.

Question 21:
A nurse is caring for a patient who is postoperative following abdominal surgery. The patient reports sudden, severe calf pain and swelling in the right leg.
Which of the following complications should the nurse suspect?
A) Incisional infection.
B) Deep vein thrombosis (DVT).
C) Pulmonary embolism.
D) Peripheral neuropathy.

Question 22:
A nurse is assessing a newborn immediately after birth. The newborn has a heart rate of 80 beats per minute and is gasping.
Which of the following nursing actions is the PRIORITY?
A) Initiate positive pressure ventilation.
B) Administer oxygen via nasal cannula.
C) Dry and stimulate the newborn.
D) Check the newborn’s blood glucose level.

Question 23:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of chronic heart failure who is prescribed digoxin (Lanoxin).
Which of the following findings would indicate potential digoxin toxicity?
A) Increased appetite.
B) Blurred vision and nausea.
C) Increased urinary output.
D) Regular heart rate and blood pressure.

Question 24:
A nurse is preparing to administer a blood transfusion. The nurse has checked the patient’s identification and the blood product label with another registered nurse.
Which of the following is the NEXT step in the procedure?
A) Start the blood transfusion at a rapid rate for the first 15 minutes.
B) Administer pre-medications as ordered.
C) Insert a new intravenous catheter.
D) Spike the blood bag with the appropriate blood administration set.

Question 25:
A nurse is teaching a patient with a new ileostomy about dietary management.
Which of the following food items should the nurse advise the patient to consume in moderation to prevent stomal blockage?
A) Applesauce.
B) White rice.
C) Popcorn.
D) Bananas.

Question 26:
A nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). The current bag of TPN is almost empty, and the next bag is not yet available from the pharmacy.
Which of the following solutions should the nurse hang temporarily until the new TPN bag arrives?
A) 0.9% Sodium Chloride.
B) 5% Dextrose in Water (D5W).
C) Lactated Ringers.
D) 10% Dextrose in Water (D10W).

Question 27:
A nurse is assessing a patient with a fractured femur who is in skeletal traction. The patient reports severe pain that is not relieved by the prescribed analgesic medication.
Which of the following should the nurse assess FIRST?
A) The patient’s vital signs.
B) The pin sites for signs of infection.
C) The alignment and weight of the traction.
D) The patient’s neurovascular status of the affected limb.

Question 28:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of heart failure who is experiencing acute pulmonary edema.
Which of the following positions is MOST appropriate for this patient?
A) Trendelenburg position.
B) Supine position with legs elevated.
C) High Fowler’s position.
D) Lateral recumbent position.

Question 29:
A nurse is teaching a patient with asthma about the proper use of a peak flow meter.
Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
A) Breathe out slowly into the mouthpiece.
B) Perform the test three times and record the lowest reading.
C) Stand up straight and take a deep breath before exhaling forcefully.
D) Use the peak flow meter only when experiencing symptoms.

Question 30:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a recent stroke who has dysphagia.
Which of the following interventions is MOST important to prevent aspiration?
A) Offering thin liquids.
B) Encouraging the patient to talk while eating.
C) Positioning the patient upright during and after meals.
D) Rushing the patient during feeding to ensure adequate intake.

Question 31:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of chronic alcohol abuse who is admitted for detoxification. The patient is exhibiting tremors, agitation, and confusion.
Which of the following medications is COMMONLY used to manage alcohol withdrawal symptoms?
A) Naloxone (Narcan).
B) Diazepam (Valium).
C) Haloperidol (Haldol).
D) Disulfiram (Antabuse).

Question 32:
A nurse is assessing a patient with a head injury. Which of the following findings is the MOST concerning and indicates a potential increase in intracranial pressure (ICP)?
A) Headache.
B) Vomiting.
C) Restlessness.
D) Widening pulse pressure.

Question 33:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a central venous catheter. Which of the following actions is ESSENTIAL to prevent central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs)?
A) Changing the dressing every 7 days.
B) Using sterile technique during insertion and care.
C) Administering prophylactic antibiotics through the catheter.
D) Flushing the catheter with heparinized saline once daily.

Question 34:
A nurse is teaching a patient with peripheral artery disease about foot care.
Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
A) Soak feet in warm water daily.
B) Apply lotion between the toes.
C) Wear tight-fitting shoes to promote circulation.
D) Inspect feet daily for any injuries or changes.

Question 35:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of gout who is experiencing an acute flare-up.
Which of the following medications is COMMONLY prescribed to treat acute gout attacks?
A) Allopurinol (Zyloprim).
B) Probenecid (Benemid).
C) Colchicine (Colcrys).
D) Acetaminophen (Tylenol).

Question 36:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a new tracheostomy. Which of the following pieces of equipment should the nurse ensure is readily available at the bedside?
A) Pulse oximeter.
B) Incentive spirometer.
C) Obturator.
D) Nebulizer.

Question 37:
A nurse is teaching a patient with iron deficiency anemia about dietary sources of iron.
Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend?
A) Dairy products.
B) Citrus fruits.
C) Red meat.
D) White bread.

Question 38:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of asthma who is experiencing an acute exacerbation. The patient is wheezing and has a decreased oxygen saturation.
Which of the following medications should the nurse administer FIRST?
A) Inhaled corticosteroid.
B) Long-acting beta-agonist.
C) Short-acting beta-agonist.
D) Leukotriene modifier.

Question 39:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a Jackson-Pratt drain following abdominal surgery.
Which of the following actions is appropriate for managing this drain?
A) Maintaining continuous wall suction.
B) Clamping the drain at all times.
C) Emptying the drain when it is full.
D) Compressing the bulb to create suction after emptying.

Question 40:
A nurse is teaching a patient with a newly diagnosed seizure disorder about safety precautions.
Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
A) Avoid swimming alone.
B) Drive only during daylight hours.
C) Limit fluid intake to prevent seizures.
D) Engage in strenuous exercise to reduce seizure frequency.

Question 41:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of chronic kidney disease who is receiving hemodialysis three times a week.
Which of the following nursing assessments is MOST important before initiating a hemodialysis session?
A) Checking the patient’s blood pressure and weight.
B) Assessing the patient’s level of consciousness.
C) Reviewing the patient’s latest electrolyte levels.
D) Evaluating the patency of the arteriovenous fistula or graft.

Question 42:
A nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving morphine sulfate intravenously for pain management. The patient’s respiratory rate is 8 breaths per minute.
Which of the following medications should the nurse prepare to administer?
A) Flumazenil (Romazicon).
B) Naloxone (Narcan).
C) Protamine sulfate.
D) Vitamin K.

Question 43:
A nurse is teaching a group of parents about the signs and symptoms of dehydration in infants.
Which of the following findings should the nurse emphasize as an EARLY sign of dehydration?
A) Sunken fontanelles.
B) Decreased urine output.
C) Dry mucous membranes.
D) Increased heart rate.

Question 44:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of peptic ulcer disease who reports epigastric pain that is relieved by eating.
Which of the following types of ulcers is the patient MOST likely experiencing?
A) Gastric ulcer.
B) Duodenal ulcer.
C) Stress ulcer.
D) Esophageal ulcer.

Question 45:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a newly inserted peripheral intravenous (IV) catheter.
Which of the following actions should the nurse document regarding the IV insertion?
A) The brand and gauge of the catheter, insertion site, date and time of insertion, and the patient’s tolerance of the procedure.
B) Only the date and time of insertion and the patient’s tolerance.
C) The type of IV fluid and the rate of infusion.
D) The patient’s medical history and allergies.

Question 46:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a long leg cast. The patient reports increasing pain and numbness in the toes of the casted leg.
Which of the following nursing actions is the PRIORITY?
A) Elevate the leg on pillows.
B) Apply ice packs to the cast.
C) Assess the patient’s neurovascular status.
D) Administer the prescribed analgesic medication.

Question 47:
A nurse is teaching a patient with a new colostomy about pouch application.
Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
A) Apply the skin barrier directly over the stoma without measuring.
B) Change the pouch every 5-7 days or when it leaks.
C) Empty the pouch when it is completely full to prevent leaks.
D) Clean the skin around the stoma with soap and water.

Question 48:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of heart failure who is prescribed enalapril (Vasotec). The patient’s blood pressure is 85/50 mmHg.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take FIRST?
A) Administer the medication as prescribed.
B) Hold the medication and notify the physician.
C) Reassess the blood pressure in 15 minutes.
D) Increase the patient’s fluid intake.

Question 49:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of major depressive disorder who has started taking a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI).
Which of the following side effects should the nurse monitor for INITIALLY?
A) Weight gain.
B) Sexual dysfunction.
C) Insomnia and nausea.
D) Tardive dyskinesia.

Question 50:
A nurse is caring for a patient who is admitted with severe burns. Using the Rule of Nines, the nurse estimates that the patient has full-thickness burns covering 36% of their body.
Which of the following is the PRIORITY nursing concern for this patient in the initial phase of burn recovery?
A) Pain management.
B) Infection prevention.
C) Fluid and electrolyte balance.
D) Nutritional support.

Question 51:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a diagnosis of pneumonia. Which of the following nursing interventions will BEST help the patient mobilize secretions?
A) Restricting fluid intake.
B) Administering antitussive medications.
C) Encouraging coughing and deep breathing exercises.
D) Maintaining the patient in a supine position.

Question 52:
A nurse is caring for a patient who is scheduled for a lumbar puncture. Which of the following positions is MOST appropriate for this procedure?
A) Supine with knees flexed.
B) Prone with a pillow under the abdomen.
C) Lateral recumbent with knees drawn up to the chest.
D) Semi-Fowler’s position.

Question 53:
A nurse is teaching a patient with a new prescription for an oral anticoagulant. Which of the following instructions should the nurse emphasize regarding potential medication interactions?
A) It is safe to take any over-the-counter medications.
B) Avoid consuming green leafy vegetables.
C) Report any new medications, including herbal supplements, to the healthcare provider.
D) Increase the intake of vitamin K-rich foods to enhance the medication’s effect.

Question 54:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who is receiving oxygen therapy via nasal cannula at 4 L/min. The patient’s oxygen saturation is 95%. The nurse observes that the patient is drowsy and has shallow respirations.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take FIRST?
A) Increase the oxygen flow rate.
B) Encourage the patient to cough and deep breathe.
C) Assess the patient’s arterial blood gases (ABGs).
D) Decrease the oxygen flow rate.

Question 55:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a Sengstaken-Blakemore tube. Which of the following pieces of equipment should the nurse ensure is readily available at the bedside?
A) Endotracheal intubation kit.
B) Tracheostomy set.
C) Pair of scissors.
D) Gastric lavage supplies.

Question 56:
A nurse is teaching a patient with a new diagnosis of Addison’s disease about medication management.
Which of the following instructions is MOST important for the nurse to include?
A) Take all medications at bedtime.
B) Never abruptly stop taking the medications.
C) Increase sodium intake while taking the medications.
D) Decrease fluid intake to prevent fluid overload.

Question 57:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of schizophrenia who is experiencing auditory hallucinations.
Which of the following nursing interventions is MOST appropriate?
A) Argue with the patient about the reality of the voices.
B) Encourage the patient to focus on the hallucinations.
C) Distract the patient with reality-based activities.
D) Isolate the patient in a quiet room to minimize stimuli.

Question 58:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a suspected ectopic pregnancy. Which of the following findings would be MOST indicative of this condition?
A) Heavy, painless vaginal bleeding.
B) Severe unilateral abdominal pain.
C) Regular, strong uterine contractions.
D) Absence of menstruation for 2 months.

Question 59:
A nurse is preparing to administer a vaccine to a child. Which of the following questions is MOST important for the nurse to ask the parents before administering the vaccine?
A) “Has your child eaten anything today?”
B) “Does your child have any allergies?”
C) “What is your child’s favorite toy?”
D) “Has your child been sleeping well?”

Question 60:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of myasthenia gravis. The patient reports increased muscle weakness and difficulty swallowing.
Which of the following complications should the nurse suspect?
A) Myasthenic crisis.
B) Cholinergic crisis.
C) Guillain-Barré syndrome.
D) Multiple sclerosis exacerbation.

Question 61:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a deep partial-thickness burn on the forearm. Which of the following findings would the nurse expect to observe?
A) Dry, leathery skin with no pain.
B) Blisters, redness, and severe pain.
C) Full-thickness skin destruction with exposed muscle and bone.
D) Superficial redness with mild pain.

Question 62:
A nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving peritoneal dialysis. During the exchange, the patient reports abdominal pain and the dialysate appears cloudy.
Which of the following complications should the nurse suspect?
A) Hyperglycemia.
B) Hypokalemia.
C) Peritonitis.
D) Fluid overload.

Question 63:
A nurse is teaching a patient with a new prescription for a bronchodilator medication about potential side effects.
Which of the following side effects should the nurse include in the teaching?
A) Bradycardia and drowsiness.
B) Tremors and tachycardia.
C) Hypotension and constipation.
D) Weight gain and blurred vision.

Question 64:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of heart failure who is prescribed a beta-blocker medication. Which of the following vital signs should the nurse assess CAREFULLY before administering the medication?
A) Temperature.
B) Blood pressure and heart rate.
C) Respiratory rate and oxygen saturation.
D) Pain level.

Question 65:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a newly diagnosed pressure ulcer on the heel. The ulcer has full-thickness skin loss with subcutaneous fat visible.
Which stage of pressure ulcer is this?
A) Stage I.
B) Stage II.
C) Stage III.
D) Stage IV.

Question 66:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide to help manage the patient’s symptoms?
A) Lie down immediately after eating.
B) Consume large meals three times a day.
C) Avoid foods that trigger symptoms, such as spicy and fatty foods.
D) Drink plenty of fluids with meals.

Question 67:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of sickle cell disease who is experiencing a vaso-occlusive crisis. Which of the following interventions is the PRIORITY?
A) Administering oxygen.
B) Applying cold compresses to painful areas.
C) Restricting oral fluids.
D) Encouraging ambulation.

Question 68:
A nurse is teaching a patient with a new prescription for an insulin injection about proper technique.
Which of the following actions indicates correct understanding by the patient?
A) Massaging the injection site after administering the insulin.
B) Using the same injection site for each dose.
C) Rotating injection sites within the same general area.
D) Aspirating before injecting the insulin.

Question 69:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) who is experiencing urinary retention. Which of the following medications might be prescribed to help relieve this symptom?
A) Furosemide (Lasix).
B) Oxybutynin (Ditropan).
C) Tamsulosin (Flomax).
D) Lorazepam (Ativan).

Question 70:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of heart failure who is prescribed a diuretic medication. Which of the following electrolyte imbalances is the nurse MOST important to monitor for?
A) Hypernatremia.
B) Hypokalemia.
C) Hypercalcemia.
D) Hypochloremia.

Question 71:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a suspected pulmonary embolism. Which of the following signs and symptoms would the nurse expect to observe?
A) Gradual onset of dyspnea and chronic cough.
B) Sudden onset of chest pain, dyspnea, and tachycardia.
C) Productive cough with purulent sputum and fever.
D) Wheezing and prolonged expiration.

Question 72:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of cirrhosis who has developed ascites. Which of the following nursing interventions is appropriate for managing this condition?
A) Encouraging a high-sodium diet.
B) Restricting fluid intake.
C) Elevating the head of the bed in Trendelenburg position.
D) Administering large volumes of intravenous fluids.

Question 73:
A nurse is teaching a patient with a new diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy about foot care. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
A) Test the temperature of bath water with hands before stepping in.
B) Wear tight socks to improve circulation.
C) Trim toenails straight across and file the edges.
D) Apply moisturizing lotion liberally between the toes.

Question 74:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of rheumatoid arthritis who is experiencing joint pain and inflammation. Which of the following non-pharmacological interventions can the nurse suggest to help relieve the patient’s discomfort?
A) Applying heat to the affected joints.
B) Encouraging prolonged periods of bed rest.
C) Performing vigorous exercises to maintain joint mobility.
D) Avoiding any movement of the affected joints.

Question 75:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of pancreatitis who reports severe abdominal pain radiating to the back. Which of the following nursing actions is the PRIORITY?
A) Auscultating bowel sounds.
B) Palpating the abdomen for tenderness.
C) Maintaining the patient NPO (nothing by mouth).
D) Encouraging ambulation to promote comfort.

Question 76:
A nurse is teaching a patient about the use of crutches with a three-point gait. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
A) Move both crutches and the affected leg forward simultaneously.
B) Move one crutch forward, then the affected leg, then the other crutch.
C) Move both crutches forward, then swing both legs through.
D) Move one crutch forward, then the unaffected leg, then the other crutch.

Question 77:
A nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving chemotherapy and has a low white blood cell count (neutropenia). Which of the following nursing interventions is MOST important to prevent infection?
A) Encouraging the patient to eat fresh fruits and vegetables.
B) Limiting visitors to immediate family members.
C) Administering prophylactic antibiotics as ordered.
D) Placing the patient in a room with positive pressure ventilation.

Question 78:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of hyperthyroidism. Which of the following signs and symptoms would the nurse expect to observe?
A) Weight gain and bradycardia.
B) Fatigue and cold intolerance.
C) Heat intolerance and tachycardia.
D) Constipation and dry skin.

Question 79:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a new colostomy. The nurse is teaching the patient how to change the ostomy pouch. Which of the following steps should the nurse instruct the patient to perform FIRST?
A) Apply the new pouch.
B) Clean the skin around the stoma.
C) Remove the old pouch gently.
D) Measure the stoma size.

Question 80:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) who is prescribed an anticoagulant medication. Which of the following instructions should the nurse emphasize to prevent complications?
A) Increase intake of vitamin K-rich foods.
B) Avoid activities that could cause injury.
C) Take the medication on an empty stomach.
D) Stop the medication if any minor bleeding occurs.

Question 81:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of heart failure who is prescribed an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. Which of the following side effects should the nurse monitor for?
A) Bradycardia.
B) Persistent dry cough.
C) Weight gain.
D) Increased potassium levels.

Question 82:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of chronic glomerulonephritis. Which of the following laboratory findings would the nurse expect to see?
A) Increased serum creatinine and BUN.
B) Decreased serum potassium.
C) Increased hemoglobin and hematocrit.
D) Decreased serum glucose.

Question 83:
A nurse is teaching a patient with a new prescription for a nasal corticosteroid spray for allergic rhinitis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
A) Tilt the head back and spray forcefully into one nostril.
B) Blow the nose gently before using the spray.
C) Use the spray only when experiencing severe symptoms.
D) Swallow any excess medication that drips down the throat.

Question 84:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of Parkinson’s disease. Which of the following signs and symptoms would the nurse expect to observe?
A) Muscle weakness and hyperreflexia.
B) Tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia.
C) Ataxia and nystagmus.
D) Spasticity and clonus.

Question 85:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a nasogastric (NG) tube who is receiving intermittent feedings. After administering the feeding, the nurse should:
A) Immediately remove the syringe.
B) Clamp the NG tube.
C) Flush the NG tube with air.
D) Position the patient in a supine position.

Question 86:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of multiple sclerosis who is experiencing an exacerbation. Which of the following nursing interventions is appropriate?
A) Encourage strenuous exercise to maintain muscle strength.
B) Provide frequent rest periods and avoid overexertion.
C) Maintain a warm environment to prevent muscle spasms.
D) Limit fluid intake to manage bladder dysfunction.

Question 87:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of glaucoma. Which of the following medications would be CONTRAINDICATED for this patient?
A) Beta-blockers.
B) Cholinergic agonists.
C) Anticholinergics.
D) Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors.

Question 88:
A nurse is teaching a patient with a new prescription for a sublingual nitroglycerin tablet for angina. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
A) Swallow the tablet with a full glass of water.
B) Place the tablet under the tongue and allow it to dissolve.
C) Chew the tablet for faster absorption.
D) Take the tablet only when experiencing severe chest pain.

Question 89:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of Cushing’s syndrome. Which of the following signs and symptoms would the nurse expect to observe?
A) Weight loss and hypotension.
B) Moon face and buffalo hump.
C) Cold intolerance and bradycardia.
D) Thin skin and hypoglycemia.

Question 90:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of diverticulitis who is experiencing abdominal pain. Which of the following dietary recommendations is appropriate during an acute flare-up?
A) A high-fiber diet.
B) A clear liquid diet.
C) A diet rich in whole grains.
D) A diet with increased intake of nuts and seeds.

Question 91:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of atrial fibrillation who is prescribed an anticoagulant medication. The nurse should instruct the patient about the importance of:
A) Monitoring their heart rate daily.
B) Avoiding foods high in vitamin K.
C) Reporting any signs of bleeding or bruising.
D) Taking the medication at the same time each day with food.

Question 92:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of hypothyroidism. Which of the following signs and symptoms would the nurse expect to observe?
A) Palpitations and weight loss.
B) Increased energy and sweating.
C) Fatigue and weight gain.
D) Tremors and nervousness.

Question 93:
A nurse is teaching a patient with a new prescription for a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) about potential side effects. Which of the following side effects should the nurse include?
A) Increased appetite and weight gain.
B) Gastrointestinal upset and bleeding.
C) Drowsiness and blurred vision.
D) Dry mouth and constipation.

Question 94:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of chronic pancreatitis. Which of the following dietary recommendations is appropriate for long-term management?
A) A high-fat diet to aid in nutrient absorption.
B) A diet low in fat and alcohol.
C) A diet high in simple carbohydrates for energy.
D) Restricting fluid intake with meals.

Question 95:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Which of the following symptoms would the patient MOST likely report?
A) Increased urinary output.
B) Painful urination.
C) Difficulty starting and maintaining a urinary stream.
D) Blood in the urine.

Question 96:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of pleurisy. Which of the following symptoms would the nurse expect the patient to report?
A) Productive cough with green sputum.
B) Sharp chest pain that worsens with breathing.
C) Wheezing and shortness of breath.
D) Dull, aching chest pain that is constant.

Question 97:
A nurse is teaching a patient with a new prescription for an inhaled corticosteroid for asthma management. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
A) Use the inhaler only during acute asthma attacks.
B) Rinse the mouth after each use to prevent oral thrush.
C) Shake the inhaler vigorously after each use.
D) Hold the breath for 5 seconds before exhaling quickly.

Question 98:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of ulcerative colitis who is experiencing frequent bowel movements with blood and mucus. Which of the following dietary recommendations is appropriate during an acute exacerbation?
A) A high-fiber diet to promote bowel regularity.
B) A bland, low-residue diet.
C) A diet rich in dairy products to increase calcium intake.
D) A diet with increased intake of raw fruits and vegetables.

Question 99:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of peripheral neuropathy. Which of the following nursing interventions is important to prevent injury?
A) Encourage the patient to walk barefoot to improve sensation.
B) Apply heating pads directly to the affected extremities.
C) Advise the patient to check their feet daily for any cuts or blisters.
D) Recommend wearing tight-fitting shoes for support.

Question 100:
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of heart failure who is prescribed a potassium-sparing diuretic. Which of the following electrolyte levels should the nurse monitor CAREFULLY?
A) Sodium.
B) Potassium.
C) Calcium.
D) Magnesium.